Gibson, DW. “I Put in White Tenants’: The Grim, Racist (and Likely Illegal) Methods of One Brooklyn Landlord.” New York Magazine. 12 May 2015. http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2015/05/grim-racist-methods-of-one-brooklyn-landlord.html.

Gibson examines the tactics used the by developers in parts of Brooklyn where the presence of Gentrification by conducting an interview. He conducts the interview through a more informal manner, by following “Epharim” around and illustrates his ministrations and ties to the neighborhood along with Epharim’s own personal description of his and several other developers and landlord’s strategy to remove tenants from their homes. Gibson’s account can be applied to my thesis because it emphasizes how the Hasidic landlords, who have a strong hold over most of the gentrified areas of Brooklyn, use their power to remove people from their buildings and bring members of their community. These tactics are seen in areas that are being gentrified.

New York is a biweekly magazine that focuses on the city of New York on its many aspects of culture, politics and style. DW Gibson is the author of the books “Not Working: People Talk About Losing a Job and Finding Their Way in Today’s Changing Economy” and “The Edge Becomes the Center: The Oral History of Gentrification in the Twenty-First Century.” The New York Magazine was able to publish this article which is an excerpt of these books.

Howell, Ron. “A quarter-century after Crown Heights riots, the Brooklyn neighborhood battles to hold onto its territory.” New York Daily News. 22 August 2016. http://www.nydailynews.com/opinion/new-fight-crown-heights-article-1.2759864

Ron Howell analyzes the rise of gentrification in his own neighborhood of Crown Heights by detailing his account of the “old” Crown Heights that struggled with its relationship between the Jewish and Black community creating the infamous riots in the 90’s. He then goes on to illustrate how the Crown Heights is being gentrified at a fast rate by stating his personal encounters on the streets. Howell ends his article by stating questionable actions done by developers over the years and ways the community can fight back. Howell’s article can support my thesis because it affirms that the Jewish community can also see the effects of gentrification as well as other minorities throughout Brooklyn.

New York Daily News is a newspaper based in New York, officially titled Daily News. The political alignment of the newspaper is listed as Centrist. Ron Howell worked as a journalist for 30 years and is currently a journalism professor at Brooklyn College, previously teaching at Long Island University- Brooklyn, Columbia University Graduate School and Medgar Evers College. New York is a biweekly magazine that focuses on the city of New York on its many aspects of culture, politics and style.

Lander, Brad. “Rediscovering City Planning and Community Development, Together.” Toward a 21st Century for All”, CUNY Graduate Center (2013).

New York City Councilmen Brad Lander delves into how many aspects of city planning can be used to improve the community better than the mayor with the help of local bureaucracies and the residents of the neighborhoods he represents. Lander lists these features in a manner that appeal to each specific bureaucracy. This can be connected to my thesis because it is an example of how the municipal government uses its power to appeal to those who have the greatest influence in the gentrification of an area.

Councilmen Lander represents Cobble Hill, Carroll Gardens, Columbia Waterfront, Gowanus, Park Slope, Windsor Terrace, Borough Park and Kensington. Lander’s main focus is the people’s power to decide their community’s future. He is involved in many community planning processes, as well as shape infrastructure and land-use in the areas he represents. He previously directed Pratt Center for Community Development.

Moore, Deborah Dash. “The Strike That Changed New York: Blacks, Whites, and the Ocean Hill-Brownsville Crisis.” American Jewish History, vol. 91, no. 1, 2003, p. 176+. Literature Resource Center, go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=LitRC&sw=w&u=cuny_ccny&v=2.1&id=GALE%7CA119570020&it=r&asid=3f7300be4a1fb9b01f1cb1a3413ac786. Accessed 13 Nov. 2017.

Moore begins by comparing the history of the Black and the Jewish working-class community in Brownsville, Brooklyn. She continues by explaining how the two groups began to clash because of the variation in how they were treated by the local government, the black population facing much more discrimination. She does this by quoting and analyzing the different views of authors Jerald Podair and Wendell Pritchett. This goes nicely with my thesis because it highlights the history of the Jewish population in Brooklyn which do not face the same amount of discrimination from the municipal government compared to other minorities. This help from the government can be credited as to why they face little effect from gentrification.

Deborah Dash Moore is a Judaic Studies professor who has taught in the University of Michigan and Vassar College. She is a former director if the Frankel Center for Judaic Studies. Moore has also published many books that focus on Jewish topics. Literary Resource Center provides a variety of criticisms and reviews of literacy texts as well as biographical information and overviews. They provide texts from all subjects and from many time periods.

Parker, J.D. “Rent adjustments keep B’lyn vacancy in check.” Real Estate Weekly, 17 June 2009, p. 14. General OneFile, go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=ITOF&sw=w&u=cuny_ccny&v=2.1&id=GALE%7CA202360578&it=r&asid=dd31240c36e4e3ef58d7cdcbeaf7e33b. Accessed 13 Nov. 2017.

Parker details the how the loss of jobs during the recession in 2009 causes problems in the spending market but it benefits the real estate market. He cites how some developers are using this crisis to their advantage by taking control of the businesses in the area that had to be closed down. Parker closes his analyzes by stating how developers should look for and invest in areas of Brooklyn that are not doing well financially. This can be used to support my thesis because Parker lists the neighborhood of Midwood which has a larger Jewish population. This would further emphasize that Jewish communities are also targeted by developers, therefore seeing the effects of gentrification.

J.D. Parker is a regional manager at the Marcus & Millichap. Marcus & Millichap is a national commercial real estate brokerage firm that focuses on investment. General OneFile is a database that include newspapers, magazines, journals and audio content.

Sales, Ben. “A Jewish hipster haven in the heart of Chabad’s Brooklyn territory.” Jewish Telegraphic Agency. 17 May 2017. https://www.jta.org/2017/05/17/news-opinion/united-states/a-jewish-hipster-haven-in-the-heart-of-chabads-brooklyn-territory.

Sales starts his article by describing the life of a woman who moved to Brooklyn and opened her own business and continues on to quote on who she adjusted to the life in the section of Crown Heights. He goes on to describe a certain population in this section of the neighborhood called the “Chabad” who are the young Jewish population in these areas. Sales provides an overview of the different minorities seen in Crown Heights and how the Chabad is changing the area in a way that can be seen as gentrification. Sales’s article can support my thesis because it demonstrates how the Jewish community can aid to the growth of gentrification.

Ben sales is a reporter for the Jewish Telegraphic Agency. The Jewish Telegraphic Agency is an international news agency that provide for newspapers for Jewish community around the world.

Seville, Riordan Lisa. “Hasidic neighborhood in B’klyn is a top beneficiary of Section 8.” New York Daily News. 17 May 2016. http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/hasidic-neighborhood-b-klyn-top-beneficiary-section-8-article-1.2639120.

Lisa Seville investigates how the Hasidic community in Williamsburg has the largest amount of Section 8 vouchers in Brooklyn, which has an extremely high real estate market and is one of the most gentrified neighborhood in Brooklyn. According to Seville the political leader’s in Williamsburg are able to control the zoning changes with the help of developers who took over these areas. These developers then work to provide for the people the political leaders represent, who are mainly members of the Jewish community. This examination could be used to support my thesis because it illustrates how the municipal government uses its power to prevent the Jewish community from being gentrified but at the same time gentrifying members of other populations.

Lisa Seville is a reporter for the New York Daily News. New York Daily News is a newspaper based in New York, officially titled Daily News. The political alignment of the newspaper is listed as Centrist. WNYC Radio is a non-profit, noncommercial public radio station based in New York city and is owned by New York Public Radio.